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1. Pirjola, Jari : Temporary protection as a future model for asylum?, 1995
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Temporary protection as a future model for asylum? / Pirjola, Jari

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Nordic journal of international law : vol. 64; no. 3., p. 423-427. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1995. - ISSN 0902-7351

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Former Yugoslavia

NOTE (MEETINGS): The 10th Nordic symposium on human rights, Copenhagen, [19941121-19941124], [C]

NOTE (GENERAL): UDHR; Refugee convention; ICESCR; ECHR-8; ICCPR-13

 
2. Fosheim, Berit : Broadening the definition of refugees in the light of recent developments in Europe, 1995
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Broadening the definition of refugees in the light of recent developments in Europe / Fosheim, Berit ; Berg, Eirik

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Nordic journal of international law : vol. 64; no. 3., p. 413-421. - Dordrecht : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1995. - ISSN 0902-7351

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* massutvandring = mass exodus = joukkomuutto
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* EU = EU = EU
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

NOTE (MEETINGS): The 10th Nordic symposium on human rights, Copenhagen, [19941121-19941124], [C]

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; TEU; Dublin convention

 
3. Joly, Daniele : The Porous Dam, 1994
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The Porous Dam : European harmoization on asylum in the nineties / Joly, Daniele

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International journal of refugee law : vol. 6; no. 2., p. 159-193. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1994. - ISSN 0953-8186

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* EG = EC = EY
* ESK/KSSE = CSCE = ETYK
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* förföljelse = persecution = vaino
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Eastern Euroe / Former Yugoslavia

NOTE (GENERAL): Schengen convention; Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; Dublin convention

 
4. Joly, Daniele : Refugees in Europe, 1997
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Refugees in Europe : the hostile new agenda / Joly, Daniele ; Kelly, Lynette ; Nettleton, Clive - (MRG report ; no. 5), 44 p.. - London : Minority Rights Group, 1997. - ISSN 0305-6252

ISBN 1-897693-61-3

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* ekonomiska, sociala och kulturella rättigheter = economic, social and cultural rights = TSS-oikeudet
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* deporterade personer = deported persons = karkotetut henkilöt
* statsansvar = state responsibility = valtiovastuu
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* naturalisering = naturalisation = kansalaistaminen

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Austria / Belgium / Bulgaria / Czech Republic / Denmark / Finland / France / Germany / Greece / Hungary / Italy / Netherlands / Norway / Spain / Sweden / Switzerland / United Kingdom

NOTE (GENERAL): Declaration on the rights of minorities; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; Schengen convention; Dublin convention; OAU convention on refugees; Cartagena declaration; TEU;

LIBRARY LOCATION: Folkrätt

SHELF CODE: s MRG

 
5. Kourula, Pirkko : Broadening the edges, 1997
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Broadening the edges : refugee definition and international protection revisited / Kourula, Pirkko, xviii, 407 p.. - Hague : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1997.

ISBN 90-411-0480-1

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingstatus = refugee status = pakolaisen (oikeus)asema
* barn = children = lapset
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* konfliktförebyggande åtgärder = conflict prevention = konfliktien estäminen
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* tidig varning = early warning = aikainen varoitus
* undantagstillstånd = state of emergency = hätätila
* sanktioner = sanctions = pakotteet
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* civiltjänstgörare = conscientious objector = siviilipalvelusmies
* EU = EU = EU
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* gulfkriget = Gulf-war = Persianlahden sota
* högkommissarie för mänskliga rättigheter = HCHR = ihmisoikeusvaltuutettu
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* peremptory norms = jus cogens = jus cogens
* landminor = landmines = maamiinat
* migration = migration = siirtolaisuus
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* flyktingläger = refugee camps = pakolaisleirit
* återflyttning = repatriation = paluumuutto
* statslösa personer = stateless persons = valtiottomat henkilöt
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* peremptory norms = jus cogens = jus cogens
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* förföljelse = persecution = vaino
* flyktingstatus = refugee status = pakolaisen (oikeus)asema
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* religionsfrihet = freedom of religion = uskonnonvapaus
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Armenia / Asia / Australia / Austria / Azerbaijan / Bangladesh / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Burma / Burundi / Cambodia / Canada / Myanmar / Chechnya / Czechoslovakia / China / Congo / Croatia / Cyprus / Egypt / El Salvador / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Europe / Finland / Former Yugoslavia / France / Georgia / germany / Guatemala / Honduras / Hong Kong / Hungary / India / Indonesia / Iran / Iraq / Italy / Kazakstan / Kuwait / Kyrgystan / Laos / Liberia / Libya / Macedonia / Madagascar / Malaysia / Nakorny Karabakh / Netherlands / New Zealand / Nicaragua / Norway / Pakistan / Philippines / Russian Federation / Rwanda / Sierre Leone / Singapore / Somalia / USSR / Sudan / Sweden / Switzerland / Tajikstan / Tanzania / Tunisia / Thailand / Turkey / Turkmenistan / Ukraine / United Kingdom / USA / Western Sahara / Former Yugoslavia / Zaire

 
6. van Selm-Thorburn, Joanne : Refugee protection in Europe, 1998
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Refugee protection in Europe : lessons of the Yugoslav crisis / van Selm-Thorburn, Joanne, x, 278 p.. - Hague : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1998.

ISBN 90-411-0482-8

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* utrikespolitik = foreign policy = ulkopolitiikka
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* migration = migration = siirtolaisuus
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* naturalisering = naturalisation = kansalaistaminen
* minoritetsgrupper = minority groups = vähemmistöryhmät
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* återflyttning = repatriation = paluumuutto
* sanktioner = sanctions = pakotteet
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* båtflyktingar = boat people = venepakolaiset
* välfärdsstat = welfare state = hyvinvointivaltio
* fredsbevarande styrkor = peace-keeping forces = rauhanturvajoukot
* gulfkriget = Gulf-war = Persianlahden sota

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Africa / Australia / Albania / Asia / Belgium / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Canada / Croatia / Cuba / Czechoslovakia / Europe / Finland / France / Germany / Netherlands / Hong Kong / Hungary / Iran / Iraq / Ireland / Italy / Myanmar / New Zealand / Poland / Romania / Russian federation / Serbia / Slovenia / USSR / Sweden / Switzerland / Turkey / United Kingdom / USA / Yugoslavia

NOTE (GENERAL): UDHR; UN charter; Refugee convention; Dayton agreement; ECHR; Dublin convention; Schengen convention; TEU; ToA; Charter of Paris;

 
7. Hathaway, James C. (ed.) : Reconceiving international refugee law, 1997
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Reconceiving international refugee law / Hathaway, James C. (ed.) - (Nijhoff law specials ; vol. 30), xxix, 171 p.. - Hague : Martinus Nijhoff publ., 1997.

ISBN 90-411-0418-6

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: The articles are:. Preface : can international refugee law be amde relevant again?, by James C. Hathaway. 1. Temporary protection, by Manuel Angel Castillo and James C. Hathaway. 2. Insights from refugee experience : a background paper on temporary protection, by Maciej Domanski. 3. Repatriation aid and development assistance, by Robert F. Gorman and Gain Kibreab. 4. Responsibility sharing, by Asha hans and Astri Suhrke. 5. Fiscal burden sharing, by Amitav Acharya and David B. Dewitt. 6. Afterword: Assessing the prospects for reform of international refugee law, by Bill Frelick.

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* återflyttning = repatriation = paluumuutto
* u-hjälp = development aid = kehitysapu
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* FN = UN = YK
* ESK/KSSE = CSCE = ETYK
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* perestrojka = perestroika = perestroika

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Europe / Africa / Latin America / Asia / South Asia / Southeast Asia

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; UN charter;

 
8. Europe, 1997
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a monograph

Europe = L'Europe /

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: Europe and refugees : a challenge? = L'Europe et les réfugiés : un défi? / Carlier, J-Y; Vanheule, D. (eds.), p. 157-266. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 1997.

ISBN 90-411-0347-3

LANGUAGE: ENG, FRE

ABSTRACT: The articles are:. 8. D'un systeme européen d'asile vers un droit européen des réfugiés, by Philippe De Bruycker. 9. Status determination and the safe third country principle, by Roel Fernhout. 10. Some reflections about free circulation, by Jens Vedsted-Hansen. 11. Soft law as a source of international and European refugee law, by Ulrike Brandl. 12. Refugee protection in western Europe : a UNHCR perspective, by Johannes van der Klaauw. 13. Les controverses autour de la politique européenne envers les réfugiés, by Lode van outrive.

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* EU = EU = EU
* soft law = soft law = soft law
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan neuvosto
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

NOTE (GENERAL): Schengen convention; Dublin convention; Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; UN charter; TEU; Vienna convention on the law of treaties; UDHR-14; Declaration on territorial asylum; Cartagena declaration; Convention on territorial asylum;

 
9. Joly, Daniele : Temporary protection within the framework of a new European asylum regime, 1998
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Temporary protection within the framework of a new European asylum regime / Joly, Daniele

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): The international journal of human rights : vol. 2; no. 3., p. 49-76. - London : Frank Cass, 1998. - ISSN 1364-2987

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: Temporary protection à l'Européenne arose in the context of profound changes in the asylum regime which had developed and prevailed after the Second World War, but it also constitutes a cornerstone of the new regime unfolding. While an array of restrictive measures demonstrated an utmost reluctance to accept more refugees in the European Union (EU) a major crisis exploded on its doorstep. After procrastinating the EU yielded to the pleas of the UNHCR and accepted to take in refugees from former Yugoslavia on a temporary basis. In the last analysis it proved impossible for the EU to ignore totally the war in former Yugoslavia and its masses of displaced people resulting from untold massacres in Europe since the Nazi period. Real politics led the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) to come up with a scheme which EU states were ready to consider. This solved their dilemma. The major protagonists in the formulation of TP in Europe are thus the UNHCR and the EU. Other institutional and social actors also have views and attempt to influence the course of events but with less efficiency. This article explores the circumstances bringing about Temporary Protection (TP), the instruments and statuses implemented, the criteria advanced to warrant TP, the standards of treatment of temporarily protected persons, the concomitant comprehensive action and the actors involved.

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* EU = EU = EU

NOTE (GENERAL): ICCPR; Refugee convention; Cartagena declaration;

 
10. Nicholson, Frances (ed.) : Refugee rights and realities, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Refugee rights and realities : evolving international concepts and regimes / Nicholson, Frances (ed.) ; Twomey, Patrick (ed.), xxix, 391 p.. - Cambridge : Cambridge U. P., 1999.

ISBN 0-521-63282-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: PART 1. THE EVOLVING REFUGEE DEFINITION:. 1. The refugee definition as law : issues of interpretation, by Daniel J. Steinbock. 2. The Geneva refugee definition and the 'theory of the three scales', by Jean-Yves Carlier. 3. Who is a refugee? The convention definition : universal or obsolete?, by Jerzy Sztucki. 4. Beyond the Geneva convention : constructing a de facto right of asylum from international human rights instruments, by Richard Plender QC and Nuala Mole. 5. Rethinking the refugee concept, by Patricia Tuitt. 6. Taking the 'political' out of asylum : the legal containment of refugees'political activism, by Prakash Shah. 7. Refugee definitions in the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent states, by Claire Messina. PART 2 : THE DEVELOPING ROLE OF THE UNHCR:. 8. The role of UNHCR in the development of international refugee law, by Volker Türk. 9. UNHCR as leader in humanitarian assistance : a triumph of politics over law, by S. Alex Cunliffe and Michael Pugh. 10. In-country protection : out of bounds for UNHCR?. by Erin D. Mooney. 11. Refugge identity and protection's fading prospect, by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill. PART 3 : STATE RESPONSES AND INDIVIDUAL RIGHTS:. 12. The refugee state and state protection, by Daniel Warner. 13. Non-admission policies and the right to protection : refugees' choice versus states' exclusion?, by Jens Vedsted-Hansen. 14. Early warning and prevention : the United Nations and Rwanda, by Howard Adelman. PART 4 : THE EUROPEAN REGIME:. 15. The impetus to harmonise : asylum policy in the European Union, by Elspeth Guild. 16. A new asylum regime in Europe, by Daniele Joly. 17. Is there a need for a European policy?, by Cornelis D. de Jong.

INDEX WORDS:
* utlänningar = aliens/non-citizens = ulkomaalaiset
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* assimilering = assimilation = assimilaatio
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* rörelsefrihet = freedom of movement = liikkumisvapaus
* delade bördor = burden-sharing = taakan jakaminen
* barn = children = lapset
* inbördeskrig = civil war = sisällissota
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* civiltjänstgörare = conscientious objector = siviilipalvelusmies
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* tatarer = Tatars = tataarit
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* deporterade personer = deported persons = karkotetut henkilöt
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* internationell sedvanerätt = customary international law = kansainvälinen tapaoikeus
* tidig varning = early warning = aikainen varoitus
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus
* EU = EU = EU
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* kvinnlig omskärelse = female circumcision = naisten ympärileikkaus
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* nationalstat = nation state = kansallisvaltio
* interamerikanska kommissionen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Inter-American Commission on Human Rights = inter-amerikkalainen ihmisoikeustoimikunta
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* ICRC = ICRC = ICRC
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* judar = Jews = juutalaiset
* gästarbetare = migrant workers = vierastyöläiset
* muslimer = Muslims = muslimit
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* nationell säkerhet = national security = kansallinen turvallisuus
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* OSSE = OSCE = ETYJ
* OAS = OAS = OAS
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* förföljelse = persecution = vaino
* ras = race = rotu
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* flyktingläger = refugee camps = pakolaisleirit
* förtryck = repression = sortotoimet
* återvändare = returnees = paluumuuttajat
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna (FN) = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea (YK)
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* WHO = WHO = WHO
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* specialrapportör = special rapporteur = erityisraportoija
* u-länder = developing countries = kehitysmaat
* CPT Committee = CPT Committee = CPT Committee
* landsflykt = exile = maanpako
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet

NOTE (GENERAL): CAT; Convention on the crossing of external borders; ECHR; Dayton peace agreement; ECPT; ESC; Refugee convention;

 
11. Guarding standards - shaping the agenda (updated version May 1999), 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Guarding standards - shaping the agenda (updated version May 1999) : analysis of the Treaty of Amsterdam and present EU policy on migration, asylum and anti-discrimination /, 34 p.. - London; Bryssels : European Council on Refugees and Exiles; European Network Against Racism, 1999.

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* EU = EU = EU
* inkorporering = incorporation = yhdistäminen
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* medborgarskap (EU) = citizenship (EU) = kansalaisuus (EU)
* ECJ = ECJ = ECJ
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* jämlik behandling = equal treatment = tasa-arvoinen kohtelu
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto

NOTE (GENERAL): Dublin convention; Schengen convention; Lomé convention; ToA; UDHR-14; Refugee convention;

LIBRARY LOCATION: EU-rätt

 
12. Guarding standards - shaping the agenda, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Guarding standards - shaping the agenda : analysis of the Treaty of Amsterdam and present EU policy on migration, asylum and anti-discrimination /. - upd.., 34 p.. - London : European Council on Refugees and Exiles, 1999.

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* inkorporering = incorporation = yhdistäminen
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* delade bördor = burden sharing = taakan jakaminen
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* återflyttning = repatriation = paluumuutto
* medborgarskap (EU) = citizenship (EU) = kansalaisuus (EU)

NOTE (GENERAL): Schengen convention; Dublin convention; Lomé conventions;

LIBRARY LOCATION: EU-rätt

 
13. The ECRI compilation, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

The ECRI compilation : overview of position taken by the European Council on Refugees and Exiles on European asylum and protection issues /, 125 p.. - Brussels : ECRE, 1999.

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. 1. 'Safe Third Countries' - Myths and Realities, February 1995. 2. Position on the Harmonisation of the Interpretation of Article I of the 1951 Refugee Convention, June 1995. 3. Position on Sharing the Responsibility: Protecting Refugees and Displaced Persons in the context of Large Scale Arrivals, March 1996. 4. Position on the Detention of Asylum Seekers, April 1996. 5. Position on Refugee Children, November 1996. 6. Position on Temporary Protection in the context of the Need for a Supplementary Refugee Definition, March 1997. 7. Position on the Reception of Asylum Seekers, June 1997. 8. Position on Asylum Seeking and Refugee Women, December 1997. 9. Position on the Implementation of the Dublin Convention in the light of lessons learned from the implementation of the Schengen Convention, December 1997. 10. Position on the Enlargement of the European Union in relation to Asylum, September 1998. 11. Position on the Integration of Refugees in Europe, September 1999. 12. Guidelines on Fair and Efficient Procedures for Determining Refugee Status, September 1999.

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* implementering = implementation = toteuttaminen
* EU = EU = EU
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* flyktingstatus = refugee status = pakolaisen (oikeus)asema
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; CRC; Dublin convention; Schengen convention;

 
14. Fitzpatrick, Joan : Temporary protection of refugees, 2000
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Temporary protection of refugees : elements of a formalized regime / Fitzpatrick, Joan

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): American journal of international law : vol. 94; no. 2., p. 279-306. - New York : The American Society of International Law, 2000. - ISSN 0002-9300

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; OAU convention; Cartagena declaration;

URL http://www.jstor.org/journals/00029300.html

 
15. Fitzpatrick, Joan : Refugee protection in the twenty-first century, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

Refugee protection in the twenty-first century / Fitzpatrick, Joan

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: German yearbook of international law [GYIL] 2000 : vol. 43, p. 77-100. - Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2001. - ISSN 0344-3094

ISBN 3-428-10593-1

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* ratificering = ratification = ratifiointi
* nationell rätt = national law = kansallinen oikeus
* ratificering = ratification = ratifiointi
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* internflyktingar = internally displaced persons = maan sisäiset pakolaiset

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees;

 
16. Guild, Elspeth : Immigration law in the European Community, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph series

Immigration law in the European Community / Guild, Elspeth - (Immigration and asylum law and policy in Europe ; vol. 2), xv, 370 p.. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 2001.

ISBN 90-411-1593-5

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: PART I: The Community Law Foundation. 1. The Foundations of the Community's Immigration Laws. 2. Non-discrimination and Obstacles. PART II: Third Country Nationals Privileged Under Agreements with the EC. 3. An Overview of Third Country Agreements. 4. The Early Agreements, their Developments and Beneficiaries. 5. Interpretation of the Turkey Agreement: National Discretion and Community Law Coherence. 6. Immigration Lessons: The Central and Eastern Europe Agreements. PART III: The Treaty and Third Country Nationals: The Impetus Towards Competence and Coherence. 7. The Drive Towards Completing the International Market: Divided Loyalties. 8. Pillar Talk: The Maastricht Treaty Compromise. 9. The Search for Objectives: The Amsterdam Treaty. 10. Conclusions. Bibliography. Index.

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* barn = children = lapset
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* rörelsefrihet = freedom of movement = liikkumisvapaus
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* återsändningsförbud = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* arbetsförhållanden = working conditions = työolosuhteet
* gästarbetare = migrant workers = vierastyöläiset

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Algeria / Austria / Belgium / Bulgaria / Czech Republic / Estonia / Finland / France / germany / Greece / Hungary / Iceland / Ireland / Israel / Jordan / Latvia / Lebanon / Macedonia / Morocco / Netherlands / Norway / Poland / Romania / Slovakia / Slovenia / Sweden / Switzerland / United Kingdom / Yugoslavia / Turkey

NOTE (GENERAL): ToA; ECHR; ICCPR; CAT-3; Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; ECtreaty; Convention on migration for employment (ILO convention no. 97); Convention on social policy (ILO convention no. 117); Convention concerning migrant workers (ILO convention no. 143); Migrant workers convention (1990); European convention on establishment; Social charter; Maghreb agreements;

LIBRARY LOCATION: Europarätt

URL http://www.wkap.nl/book.htm/90-411-1593-5

 
17. Koser, Khalid : Limits to harmonization , 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Limits to harmonization : the "temporary protection" of refugees in the European Union / Koser, Khalid ; Black, Richard

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International migration : vol. 37; no. 3., p. 521-544. - Oxford : Blackwell publ., 1999. - ISSN 0020-7985

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* EU = EU = EU

 
18. Lavenex, Sandra : The Europeanisation of refugee policies, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

The Europeanisation of refugee policies : between humn rights and internal security / Lavenex, Sandra, x, 235 p.. - Aldershot : Ashgate, 2001.

ISBN 0-7546-1803-X

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS: Introduction. 1. Refugees, the state and European integration. 2. Post-World War II refugee regimes. 3. The communitarization of refugee policies. 4. The Europeanization of refugee policies in Germany and France. CONCLUSION

INDEX WORDS:
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* delade bördor = burden-sharing = taakan jakaminen
* författning/grundlag = constitution = perustuslaki/valtiosääntö
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* narkotika = drugs = huumeet
* ECJ = ECJ = ECJ
* EU-utvidgning = EU-enlargement = EU-laajentuminen
* författningsdomstol = constitutional court = valtiosääntötuomioistuin
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* olaglig invandring = illegal immigration = laiton maahanmuutto
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Austria / Bulgaria / Canada / France / Hungary / Iraq / Ireland / Italy / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Montenegro / Morocco / netherlands / Norway / Poland / Portugal / Romania / Senegal / Slovak Republic / Somalia / Spain / Sri Lanka / Turkey / Ukraine / USA / Former Yugoslavia

LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Kosovo

NOTE (GENERAL): ECHR; ToA; Draft convention for the comparison of fingerprints of applicants for asylum; SEA; TEU; UN charter; CAT; UDHR; Schengen agreement; ICCPR; Refugee convention; Declaration on asylum; ADRD; Convention on territorial asylum; EU charter of fundamental rights;

LIBRARY LOCATION: Europarätt

URL http://www.ashgate.com/index2.cfm?visitingfrom=RestOfWorld

 
19. Ochoa-Llido, Maria : Council of Europe, 2000
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Council of Europe : news from the intergovernmental sector / Ochoa-Llido, Maria ; Tessenyt, Geza

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): European journal of migration and law : vol. 2; no. 2., p. 215-222. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 2000. - ISSN 1388-364X

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* migration = migration = siirtolaisuus

NOTE (GENERAL): ECHR; Refugee convention;

 
20. Aiken, Sharryn : Diverse perspective on refugee issues, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Diverse perspective on refugee issues : racism and Canadian refugee policy / Aiken, Sharryn

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Refuge : Canada's periodical on refugees : vol. 18; no. 4., p. 1-50. - Toronto : York University. Centre for Refugee Studies, 1999. - ISSN 0229-5113

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: Other articles:. 1. Racism and Canadian refugee policy, by Sharryn Aiken. 2. So many refusals : Northern/Southern perspectives on current issues of refugee protection, by Michael Bossin. 3. Porous nations : from Ireland's "haemorrhaeg" to immigrant inundation -a critique of Ireland's immigration act, 1999, by Jason King. 4. Asylum and refugee status in Portugal, by Lucio Sousa. 5. Notes from the field in Kigoma, Tanzania, by Paul Spiegel & Mani Sheik. 6. Broken lives? Reflections on the anthropology of exile & repair, by David Lumsden. 7. A standing international criminal court : step by step towards the enforcement of International Justice, by Iris Almeida.

INDEX WORDS:
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* invandring = immigrants = maahanmuuttajat
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* barn = children = lapset
* internflyktingar = internally displaced persons = maan sisäiset pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* non-state actors = non-state actors = non-state actors
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

NOTE (GENERAL): The statute of the ICC;

 
21. Aiken, Sharryn : Meeting the refugee challenge, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Meeting the refugee challenge : perspectives from the 2000 Summer course / Aiken, Sharryn

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): Refuge : Canada's periodical on refugees : vol. 19; no. 2., p. 1-48. - Toronto : York University. Centre for Refugee Studies, 2001. - ISSN 0229-5113

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: Other articles:. 1. Advocate or expert : in search of an alternative to "we versus they" mentality, by Maki Katoh. 2. A critical analysis of refugee protection in South Asia, by Veerabhdran Vijayakumar. 3. The temporary safe haven - an Australian perspective, by Jackie King. 4. Refugees with disabilities : a human rights perspective, by Lina Anani. 5. Meeting the refugee challenge : the Dutch experience, by Loeky Droesen. 6. The new role of 'host countries' played by traditional countries of emigration : the experience of Italy, by Grazia Scoppio. 7. Kosovar resettlement assistance project in Greater Victoria, by Tomoko Okada.

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* rätt till domstolsprövning = access to court = oikeus tuomioistuinmenettelyyn
* NGO = NGO = NGO
* NATO-bombning = NATO bombing = NATOn pommitus
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* nationalism = nationalism = nationalismi

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention;

 
22. van Selm, Joanne : Temporarily protecting displaced persons or offering the possibility to start a new life in the European Union, 2001
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Temporarily protecting displaced persons or offering the possibility to start a new life in the European Union / van Selm, Joanne

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): European journal of migration and law : vol. 3; no. 1., p. 23-35. - Hague : Kluwer Law, 2001. - ISSN 1388-364X

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* EU = EU = EU

 
23. van Selm, Joanne (ed.) : Kosovo's refugees in the European Union, 2000
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Kosovo's refugees in the European Union / van Selm, Joanne (ed.), x, 239 p.. - London : Pinter, 2000.

ISBN 1-85567-641-9

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. 1. Introduction, by Joanne van Selm. 2. Gemany: protection for refugees or protection from refugees?, by Khalid Koser. 3. The Netherlands: the few who made it 'won't be staying', by Joanne van Selm. 4. The United Kingdom: Kosovar Albanian refugees, by Elspeth Guild. 5. Sweden: the Kosovars and refugee policy changes - 'Isn't it best for everyone if they stay close to home?', by Elisabeth Abiri. 6. Austria: reception of conflict refugees, by Irene Stacher. 7. Italy: gateway to Europe, but not the gatekeeper?, by Christopher Hein. 8. France: international norms: European integration and state discretion, by Sandra Lavenex. 9. Conclusion, by Joanne van Selm. Appendix 1: Reception in other states: information relating to other key states involved in the reception of Kosovars, by Joanne van Selm. Appendix 2: Tables relevant to all chapters.

INDEX WORDS:
* albaner = Albanians = albaanit
* amnesti = amnesty = armahdus
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* asylsökande = asylum seekers = turvapaikanhakijat
* båtflyktingar = boat people = venepakolaiset
* delade bördor = burden sharing = taakan jakaminen
* medborgarskap = citizenship = kansalaisuus
* CFSP = CFSP = YUTP
* de facto flyktingar = de facto refugees = de facto pakolaiset
* val = elections = vaalit
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* globalisering = globalization = globalisaatio
* romer = Roma = romanit
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* islam = Islam = islaminusko
* kurder = Kurds = kurdit
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* kärnvapen = nuclear weapons = ydinaseet
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* suveränitet = sovereignty = suvereniteetti
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* arbetslöshet = unemployment = työttömyys
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* UNICEF = UNICEF = UNICEF
* välfärdsstat = welfare state = hyvinvointivaltio
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Argentina / Australia / Austria / Belgium / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Bulgaria / Canada / Chile / Congo / Croatia / Cuba / Czech Republic / Denmark / Eastern Europe / Finland / Former Yugoslavia / Germany / Greece / Hungary / Iceland / Indonesia / Iran / Iraq / Italy / Ireland / Latin America / Lebanon / Luxembourg / Macedonia / Middle East / Norway / New Zealand / Netherlands / Philippines / Poland / Portugal / Romania / Russian Federation / Slovenia / Spain / Somalia / Sri Lanka / Sweden / Switzerland / Uganda / USA

LOCAL GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Scotland Srebrenica

URL http://www.jha.ac/books/br020.htm

 
24. Kälin, Walter : Temporary protection in the EC, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of monograph series

Temporary protection in the EC : refugee law, human rights and the temptations of pragmatism / Kälin, Walter

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT: German yearbook of international law [GYIL] : vol. 44 : Focus section : international theory, p. 202-236. - Berlin : Duncker & Humblot, 2002. - ISSN 0344-3094

ISBN 3-428-10877-9

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* rätt till arbete = right to work = oikeus työhön
* sysselsättning = employment = työllisyys
* hälsovård = health care = terveydenhoito
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* människovärde = human dignity = ihmisarvo
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto

NOTE (GENERAL): ECHR; Refugee convention; ToA; ICESCR-8-9-11-12-13;

 
25. Musalo, Karen : Refugee law and policy, 2002
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Refugee law and policy : a comparative and international approach / Musalo, Karen ; Moore, Jennifer ; Boswell, Richard A., xxxiii, 990 p.. - Durham, NC : Carolina Academic Press, 2002.

ISBN 0-89089-114-1

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: Chapter 1. The International Origins of Refugee Law. A. Overview. B. The Ancient Roots of Refugee Protection. 1. Protection of the Stranger in the Arab World: The Ancient Concepts of “ijara” and “aman” . Ghassan Maârouf Arnaout, Asylum in the Arab-Islamic Tradition. 2. Refugee Protection in the Judeo-Christian Tradition: Sanctuary in Ancient Greece, Rome and the Early Christian Church. Ignatius Bau, This Ground is Holy: Church Sanctuary and Central American Refugees. C. Twentieth Century Ultra-Nationalism and the Creation of the “New Refugees”. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism. D. The Crystallization of an International Refugee Protection Regime (1921–1951). 1. Early Efforts to Establish Formal Mechanisms for the Protection of Refugees (1921–1946). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, An Introduction to the International Protection of Refugees. 2. The International Refugee Organization (1947). Constitution of the International Refugee Organization. 3. The Birth of UNHCR (1951). United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, An Introduction to the International Protection of Refugees. E. The Evolution of the Modern International Law Definition of the Refugee (1920–1951). 1. Early Twentieth Century Concepts of the Refugee. James C. Hathaway, The Development of the Refugee Definition in International Law, The Law of Refugee Status. 2. The IRO Refugee Definition (1947). 3. The Refugee Definition Found in the UNHCR Statute (1950). 4. The Convention Refugee Definition (1951). James C. Hathaway, The Development of the Refugee Definition in International Law, The Law of Refugee Status. F. The U.N. Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees: A Humanitarian Agenda. G. The Fundamental Challenges of Refugee Protection. 1. The Non-entitlement to Asylum and the Norm of Non-refoulement. Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law. 2. Full Membership in a Political Community: the Search for Durable Solutions. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees 1993: The Challenge of Protection. H. Contemporary and Expanded Notions of the Refugee. 1. UNHCR, the Internally Displaced and Victims of Armed Conflict: The Expanded Mandate. James C. Hathaway, The Development of the Refugee Definition in International Law, The Law of Refugee Status. 2. Regional Organizations, Armed Conflict and Human Rights Abuses: New Definitions of the Refugee. James C. Hathaway, The Development of the Refugee Definition in International Law, The Law of Refugee Status. 3. International Humanitarian Law and the Refugee. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees 1993: The Challenge of Protection. The Geneva Convention Relative to the Protection of Civilian Persons in Time of War. James C. Hathaway, The Development of the Refugee Definition in International Law, The Law of Refugee Status. Jennifer Moore, Simple Justice: Humanitarian Law as a Defense Against Deportation. Chapter 2. International Norms and State Practice. A. Introduction. B. U.S. Law and International Norms. 1. International Law as the “Law of the Land”. 2. The Period Preceding the 1980 Refugee Act: Was the Protocol the “Law of the Land”? . a. The Protocol’s Definition of Refugee and the Obligation of Non-refoulement. b. The Historical Context. Center for Civil and Human Rights, Admission of Refugees and Asylees Under the Law: Reports on Current United States Procedures and Policies, and Their Origins, with Recommendations for Change. Cong. Research Serv., Library of Congress, 96th Cong., 1st Sess., Review of U.S. Refugee Resettlement Programs and Policies (Comm. Print 1979) Prepared at the Request of Senator Kennedy, Chairman, Comm. on the Judiciary, U.S. Senate 3. The 1980 Refugee Act a. The U.S. Definition of Refugee b. Overseas Refugee Program The Overseas Refugee Admissions Process (i) The Allocation of Refugee Admissions Tahl Tyson, The Refugee Act of 1980: Suggested Reforms in the Overseas Refugee Program to Safeguard Humanitarian Concerns from Competing Interests c. Asylum and Restriction on Removal: Applications for Protection at the Border and Within the U.S. Political Asylum Procedure Restriction on Removal C. Selected Issues: U.S. Compliance with International Norms 1. Qualifying for Non-refoulement 2. Statutory Bars/Cessation and Exclusion 3. Access to the Process 4. Bias in the Adjudicatory Process James Silk, U.S. Committee for Refugees, Despite A Generous Spirit, Denying Asylum in the United States American Baptist Churches v. Thornburgh 5. Bias and Limited Access a. “ Special Procedures” for Haitians Cheryl Little, United States Haitian Policy: A History of Discrimination Harold Hongju Koh, Reflections on Refoulement Sale v. Haitian Centers Council Louis Henkin, Notes from the President, American Society of International Law Newsletter Harry A. Blackmun,The Supreme Court and the Law of Nations b. Interdiction in the Wake of the Sale Decision Karen Musalo, Lauren Gibson, Stephen Knight & J. Edward Taylor, The Expedited Removal Study, Report on the First Three Years of Implementation of Expedited Removal c. Expedited Removal as a Means of Limiting Access Karen Musalo, Lauren Gibson, Stephen Knight & J. Edward Taylor, The Expedited Removal Study, Report on the First Three Years of Implementation of Expedited Removal Testimony of Eleanor Acer, Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, Hearing on Asylum Policy, U.S. Senate Committee on the Judiciary, Immigration Subcommittee D. Asylum Policy in the European Union 1. Accelerated Procedures 2. Safe Country of Origin 3. Safe Third Country 4. Right of Appeal 5. Visa Requirements 6. Carrier Sanctions 7. Detention and Social Benefits Johannes van der Klauuw, Towards a Common Asylum Procedure, in Implementing Amsterdam: Immigration and Asylum Rights in EC Law E. South Africa’s Emerging Refugee Protection System 1. Background 2. The South Africa Refugee Act and Regulations Jacob van Garderen & Vinodh Jaichand, Preface in Jeff Handmaker, Lee Anne de la Hunt, Jonathan Klaaren, Perspectives on Refugee Protection in South Africa Chapter 3. Degrees of Risk: The Standard of Proof in Claims for Protection A. Introduction B. I.N.S. v. Stevic: The Standard of Proof for Non-refoulement; Not all Refugees are Entitled to Non-refoulement I.N.S. v. Predrag Stevic C. The Standard of Proof for Refugee Status I.N.S. v. Luz Marina Cardoza-Fonseca Joan Fitzpatrick, The International Dimension of U.S. Refugee Law D. The Interpretation of the Well-Founded Fear Standard 1. UNHCR and State Practice 2. Matter of Mogharrabi — The Board Applies the Well-Founded Fear Standard Matter of Mogharrabi E. Garcia-Ramos — The U.S. Courts Distinguish the Asylum and Withholding/Restriction Standards Jose Garcia-Ramos v. I.N.S. F. The Standard in Expedited Removal — A “Credible Fear of Persecution” G. The Relationship Between the Standard of Proof for Likelihood of Harm and The Burden of Proof/Burden of Persuasion H. Past Persecution and its Relevance to Claims for Protection 1. The INS Regulation on Past Persecution 2. Parsing the INS Regulation I. The Relationship Between Countrywide Persecution and a Well-Founded Fear Canadian Immigration & Refugee Board, Guidelines on Civilian Non-Combatants Fearing Persecution in Civil War Situations Klaus Hullman, Switzerland, in Jean-Yves Carlier, et. al. Who is a Refugee?: A Comparative Case Law Study J. The Role of Discretion in the Refugee Determination Process 1. Considering the “Totality of Circumstances” in the Exercise of Discretion Matter of Pula Chapter 4. The Definition of Persecution — Its Forms and Sources A. Introduction B. The Relationship Between Human Rights Norms and Persecution Refugee Status Appeals Authority (1999) 2000 C. The Forms of Persecution 1. Economic Harms as Persecution Djordje Kovac v. I.N.S. 2. Physical and Mental Violations and the Issue of Punitive Intent Alla Konstantinova Pitcherskaia, petitioner, The International Human Rights Law Group, intervenor v. INS 3. Severe & Atrocious Persecution — The Requirement for a Humanitarian Grant Matter of Chen 4. Discrimination as a Form of Persecution Brian Brosnahan & Robert Borton of Heller, Ehrman, & McAuliffe and Mark Silverman of the Immigrant Legal Resource Center — Applicant’s Brief in Support of a Request for Political Asylum & Withholding of Deportation David Stephen & Phillip Wearne, Central America’s Indians Vera Korablina v. INS 5. Distinguishing Prosecution from Persecution Ebrahim Sadeghi v. I.N.S. D. The Origin of Persecution 1. The State’s Role in Persecution 2. The Protection and the Accountability/Complicity Views 3. International Guidance and State Practice 4. Sending an Asylum Seeker from a Protection to an Accountability Regime — The Implications of the “Safe Third Country” Principle Chapter 5. The Nexus Requirement A. Introduction B. United States Jurisprudence 1. 1980–1992: The Period Preceding Zacarias Sofia Campos-Guardado v. I.N.S. Olimpia Lazo-Majano v. I.N.S. a. Proving “On Account Of” — The Use of a Rebuttable Presumption Adela Hernandez-Ortiz v. I.N.S. 2. The Zacarias Decisions a. The Ninth Circuit Jairo Jonathan Elias Zacarias v. I.N.S. b. The U.S. Supreme Court’s Imposition of an Intent Requirement I.N.S. v. Jairo Jonathan Elias Zacarias c. Statutory Interpretation: Plain Meaning and Deference A Critique of the Zacarias Decision Karen Musalo, Irreconcilable Differences? Divorcing Refugee Protections from Human Rights Norms C. International and Comparative Practice on the Requirement of Nexus Written Submission on Behalf of the U.N. High Comm’r for Refugees in the [U.K.] Court of Appeal in Yasin Sepet and Erdem Bulbul v. Secretary of State for the Home Department Chen Shi Hai (an infant) by his next best friend Chen Ren Bing, v. The Minister for Immigration and Multicultural Affairs D. Protection Under the Torture Convention 1. Background 2. Relief under CAT compared to Asylum under the Refugee Act a. The Definition of Torture b. Comparison of CAT and Asylum Relief c. The Court Compares Asylum to CAT Relief Navaratwam Kamalthas v. INS 3. Decisions of the U.N. Committee Against Torture in Cases of Asylum Seekers Who Have Been Tortured Decision of the Committee Against Torture In the Matter of Pauline Muzonzo Paku Kisoki Against Sweden Chapter 6. Persecution on Account of Political Opinion A. Introduction B. Persecution on Account of Political Opinion: When are Activities & Opinions Political? 1. Anti-communism as a Political Opinion Fidele Sanon v. I.N.S. 2. Trade Union Activity as an Expression of Political Opinion Vicente Osorio v. I.N.S. 3. Neutrality as Political Opinion Espectación Bolanos-Hernandez v. I.N.S. 4. Imputed Political Opinion Jose Doney Argueta v. I.N.S. a. Canadian Perspective on Neutrality and Imputed Political Opinion Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Guidelines on Civilian Non-Combatants Fearing Persecution in Civil War Situations 10 (1996) 5. Revisiting Nexus — The Concept of “Mixed Motives” In re S — P — 6. Opposition to Corruption as a Political Opinion/Refugee Status for “Whistle-Blowers” Alexander Klinko, Lyudmyla Klinko, and Andriy Klinko v. Canada (Minister of Citizenship and Immigration) C. Selected Issues —Prosecution vs. Persecution, Refusal to Serve in the Military and Coercive Population Control 1. When is Prosecution Persecution? CONTENTS xiii a. Fairness of the Process Elvis Ameyaw v. Secretary of State for the Home Department b. Prosecution for “A Convention Reason” R. v Secretary of State for the Home Department ex parte Zia Mehmet Binbasi c. Prosecution in the More Traditional Political Context i. Pretextual Prosecution as Persecution Efrain Carranza-Hernandez v. I.N.S. ii. The Difference Between Legitimate Governmental Investigation and Political Persecution Rene Blanco-Lopez v. INS iii. Punishment for a Crime Committed: Resistance to Repressive Regimes Nana Asante Dwomoh v. Sava 2. Refusal to Serve in the Military a. UNHCR Guidance b. Evolving Jurisprudence (i) Religiously-Motivated Conscientious Objection (ii) Political Objections to Military Action, and Condemnation by the International Community Slavko Ciric and Slavica Ciric v. Canada (Minister of Employment and Immigration) Jose Antonio Barraza-Rivera v. I.N.S. 3. Coercive Population Control Guo Chun Di v. Carroll Chapter 7. Persecution on Account of Religion A. Introduction B. Freedom of Religion in International Practice and its Relationship to Refugee Norms Karen Musalo, Irreconcilable Differences? Divorcing Refugee Protections from Human Rights Norms C. Different Degrees of Consistency with International Norms: United States, United Kingdom and Australia 1. United States Matter of Liadakis 2. United Kingdom Ahmad and Others v. Sect’y of State for the Home Department Amnesty International, Report on Religious Intolerance 3. Australia Commonwealth of Australia Amnesty International, Conscientious Objection to Military Service (1991) D. U.S. Constitutional Law Principles: First Amendment Free Exercise of Religion Jason W. Rockwell, When Congress Answers Religion’s Prayer: The Religious Liberty Protection Act of 1999 E. Overlapping Grounds of Persecution. 1. Religion and its Overlap with Political Opinion Claims. Masood Shirazi-Parsa, et al. v. I.N.S. 2. Religion and its Overlap with Gender/Social Group Claims. In re S — A —. Susan Musarrat Akram, Orientalism Revisited in Asylum and Refugee Claims. Chapter 8. Persecution Based on Race or Nationality. A. Introduction. B. Basic Concepts. 1. Race. Cheikh Anta Diop, Civilization or Barbarism, An Authentic Anthropology. The 1950 UNESCO Statement on Race. Ashley Montagu, Race, Science, and Humanity. The 1967 UNESCO Statement on Race and Racial Prejudice. 2. Nationality. Elizabeth Kiss, Is Nationalism Compatible with Human Rights? Reflections on East Central Europe, Identities, Politics and Rights. Hannah Arendt, The Origins of Totalitarianism. D. An Analysis of Asylum Claims Based Upon Race or Nationality from the Perspective of the UNHCR Handbook. 1. Persecution on Account of Race. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status. 2. Persecution on Account of Nationality. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status. E. Treatment of Race and Nationality Claims in U.S. Courts. 1. Ethnicity, Politics and Social Status. a. Oromo Opposition Family in Ethiopia: the Case of Makonnen. Elizabeth Makonnen v. I.N.S. . b. Elite Amhara in Ethiopia: the Case of Gebremichael. Tesfaye Aberra Gebremichael v. I.N.S.. 2. Ethnicity and Religion. a. Russian Jews from the Ukraine: the Case of O — Z — and I — Z . In re O — Z — & I — Z —. b. Kurdish Moslem from America: the Case of Mgoian. Maiane Mgoian v. INS. c. Orthodox Serb from Croatia: The Case of Petrovic . Dragan Petrovic v. I.N.S. 3. The “Indigenous Ethnicity” of Mayan Indians in Guatemala: the Case of Duarte de Guinac. Mildred Yesenia Duarte de Guinac and Mauro Jose Guinac Quiej v. I.N.S. 4. Ethnicity and Gender in the Case of Shoafera, an Amhara Woman from Ethiopia . Nigist Shoafera v. I.N.S. F. International Treaties Relating to Crimes Against Humanity. 1. The Genocide Convention and Ethnic Persecution. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. 2. The International Criminal Court. Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. G. Contemporary Case Studies of Ethnic Persecution and the Establishment of International Criminal Tribunals. 1. The Former Yugoslavia and the ICTY. Steve Coll, War Crimes and Punishment: Bosnia in the Shadow of the Holocaust. 2. Rwanda and the ICTR. H. Humanism in the Face of “Organized Ethnic Hatred:” A Further Commentary. Marieme Helie-Lucas, The Face of Women Refugees from Muslim Communities: Algeria to ex-Yugoslavia, The Suitcase: Refugee Voices from Bosnia and Croatia. Majana Burazovic, Don’t Call Me That Way, The Suitcase: Refugee Voices from Bosnia and Croatia. Chapter 9. Persecution Based on Membership in a Particular Social Group. A. Introduction. B. Conceptual Background. 1. Social Group Membership under International Refugee Law. Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law. 2. Social Group Membership from the Perspective of the UNHCR Handbook. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status (1979). C. Nexus and Social Group. D. Treatment of Social Group Claims in U.S. Courts. 1. Acosta: Social Groups Defined by Immutable or Fundamental Characteristics. Matter of Acosta. Power Elite? . 3. Hernandez-Montiel: Social Non-conformity as Immutable or Fundamental. Geovanni Hernandez-Montiel v. I.N.S. 4. Kasinga and Social Groups of Female Cultural Dissidents. In re Fauziya Kasinga. 5. In re R — A — and Persecution in the Home: Abused Women as a Prospective Social Group. In re R — A. E. Comparative Law Analysis of Social Group Claims. Maryellen Fullerton, A Comparative Look at Refugee Status Based on Persecution Due to Membership in a Particular Social Group. Krista Daley & Ninette Kelley, Particular Social Group: A Human Rights Based Approach in Canadian Jurisprudence. Chapter 10. Gender-Related Claims to Refugee Status. A. Introduction. B. Conceptual Background: the Women’s Human Rights Movement and the Challenge of International Protection for Refugee Women. 1. International Human Rights Instruments. Declaration on the Elimination of Violence Against Women, G.A. Res. 48/104, U.N. GAOR. 2. International Human Rights Advocacy. Nahid Toubia, Female Genital Mutilation: A Call for Global Action. 3. International Refugee Guidelines. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Policy on Refugee Women. 4. The Challenge of Refugee Protection. Eshila Maravanyika, Some Issues of Protection and Participation of Refugee Women: The Case of Mozambican Refugee Women in Zimbabwean Camps (1995) (research paper, Institute of Social Studies, The Hague). C. An Analysis of Gender-related Grounds and Forms of Persecution from the Perspective of the UNHCR. United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Guidelines on the Protection of Refugee Women. Executive Committee Conclusion No. 39 ( XVI) on Refugee Women and International Protection. Executive Committee Conclusion No. 73 (XLIV) on Refugee Protection and Sexual Violence. D. The Treatment of Refugee Women’s Claims in U.S. Courts: The Still-Exceptional Character of Gender Asylum Jurisprudence 645 1. Rape as a Weapon of War: Violence Against Women in Time of Widespread Repression. In re D — V . 2. The Chador Cases: Feminism and the Religious State. Saideh Fisher v. I.N.S. 3. Female Genital Mutilation: Women, “Culture” and Sexual Domination. In re Fauziya Kasinga. 4. Domestic Violence: the Abused Family as Social Group. Rosalba Aguirre-Cervantes v. I.N.S. E. Comparative Law Analysis of Gender-Related Claims. 1. Canadian Gender Guidelines. Guidelines Issued by the Chairperson Pursuant to Section 65(3) of the Immigration Act: Women Refugee Claimants Fearing Gender-Related Persecution. 2. U.S. Gender Guidelines. Considerations For Asylum Officers Adjudicating Asylum Claims From Women (Memorandum from Phyllis Coven, Office of International Affairs . . . ). 3. Australian Gender Guidelines. Refugee and Humanitarian Visa Applicants Guidelines on Gender Issues for Decision Makers. 4. U.K. Gender Guidelines. Immigration Appellate Authority, Asylum Gender Guidelines. 5. New Zealand’s Approach to Gender-Related Claims. F. Some Concluding Remarks About “Gender-Related” Claims. 1. “ Nexus” to Gender. 2. The Personal is Universal. Chapter 11. Qualifications Upon Protection. A. Introduction. B. The Exclusion Clauses of Article 1.F. 1. Crimes Against Peace, War Crimes, Crimes Against Humanity. 2. Serious Non-political Crimes. 3. Acts Contrary to the Pur poses and Principles of the United Nations. 4. Caselaw on the Application of Article 1.F. (Australia). (Canada). Notes. (United States). Matter of Rodriguez-Majano 722 (United States) 726 Juan Anibal Aguirre-Aguirre v. INS 727 I.N.S. v. Juan Anibal Aguirre-Aguirre 729 Brief for Amicus Curiae In Support of The Respondent Submitted by Iris Gomez, Esq., Counsel of Record, Massachusetts Law Reform Institute, James F. Smith, Esq., Amagda Perez, Esq., Immigration Law Clinic, University of California School of Law, Davis 737 C. Article 33.2 — Particularly Serious Crimes and “Danger to the Security” of the Host Country 741 1. Particularly Serious Crimes 742 a. Application of the Particularly Serious Crime Bar in the United States 742 Matter of Carballe 742 b. The 1990 and 1996 Amendments to the INA 746 2. Danger to Security of the Host Country 747 a. Application of Security Bar in the United States 748 D. Applying the Exclusion Clauses 748 E. The Cessation Clauses of Article 1.C 749 Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law 750 1. Firm Resettlement Under U.S. Law — Effective Protection in a Third State 754 Matter of Soleimani 755 2. Filing Deadline as a Basis for Exclusion 758 F. Comparative Charts of Refugee Convention and INA Qualifications on Protection 761 Statutory Appendix, The Qualifications on Protection — Governing Domestic Statutory Provisions 764 The Refugee Definition — Persecutor of Others Exclusion 764 Asylum Procedure and Statutory Bars 764 Restriction on Removal & Statutory Bars 766 Aggravated Felonies as a Bar 767 The “Terrorism Bars” 769 Nazi Persecution or Genocide 770 Chapter 12. The Process and Rights of Asylum Seekers 771 A. Introduction 771 B. An International Perspective on Procedures 771 Guy S. Goodwin-Gill, The Refugee in International Law 772 C. Realpolitik Constraints 774 Stephen H. Legomsky, An Asylum Seeker’s Bill of Rights in a Non-Utopian World 774 D. Limits on Constitutional Protections for Asylum Seekers in the United States 780 Kendall Coffey, The Due Process Right To Seek Asylum in the United States: The Immigration Dilemma and Constitutional Controversy 781 E. Selected Issues in State Practice 786 1. An Overview of Determination Procedures in the United States 786 a. Affirmative Applications for Asylum 787 b. Applications as a Defense to Removal 788 c. A Critique of the Adjudicatory System 790 Deborah E. Anker, Determining Asylum Claims in the United States: a Case Study on the Implementation of Legal Norms in an Unstructured Adjudicatory Environment 790 2. Conditions and Components of a Fair Refugee Determination Procedure 795 a. Legal Representation 795 Margaret H. Taylor, Promoting Legal Representation for Detained Aliens: Litigation and Administrative Reform 796 b. Detention of Asylum Seekers 800 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Guidelines on Applicable Criteria and Standards Relating to the Detention of Asylum-Seekers (1999) 801 Wendy Young, U.S. Detention of Women and Children Asylum Seekers: A Violation of Human Rights 809 c. An Independent and Unbiased Adjudicator 814 Fredric N. Tulsky, Judges Who Grant Asylum Show Extreme Differences in Rulings 814 d. Right to Appeal 821 i. Appeals in the U.S. System 822 Tarek Ghebllawi v. I.N.S. 824 e. Language Interpretation as a Guarantor of Related Rights 827 El Rescate v. Exec. Office for Imm. Rev. 828 4. Right to Work/Social Benefits 836 Ryszard Cholewinski, Economic and Social Rights of Refugees and Asylum Seekers in Europe 837 A. Introduction 841 B. International Perspectives 842 Atle Grahl-Madsen, The Status of Refugees in International Law 842 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Handbook on Procedures and Criteria for Determining Refugee Status 842 C. Establishing the Facts — Selected Issues 845 1. Credibility of the Applicant 845 a. Demeanor 846 Jeremy A. Blumenthal, A Wipe of the Hands, A Lick of the Lips: The Validity of Demeanor Evidence in Assessing Witness Credibility 847 Pensaquitos Village, Inc., v. NLRB 849 In re Berta Lidia Iraheta 851 b. The Impact of Psychological Factors on Credibility 857 Physicians for Human Rights, Medical Testimony on Victims of Torture: A Physician’s Guide to Political Asylum Cases 857 Psychological Evaluation of R — C — by Adrianne Aron, Licensed Clinical Psychologist 859 c. Cross-Cultural Issues 862 Juan Francisco Cordero-Trejo v. I.N.S. 863 Walter Kälin, Troubled Communication: Cross-Cultural Misunderstandings in the Asylum-Hearing 871 Veronika Kot, The Impact of Cultural Factors on Credibility in the Asylum Context 878 Everth Ceballos-Castillo v. I.N.S. 881 Commonwealth of Australia 882 Notd. Special Guidance for Child and Women Applicants 890 (i) Child Applicants 890 Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, Refugee Children: Guidelines on Protection and Care 890 (ii) Women Applicants 892 Australian Department of Immigration and Multicultural Affairs, Guidelines on Gender Issues for Decision Makers 892 e. Medical Testimony Relating to Persecution 893 Physicians for Human Rights Medical Testimony on Victims of Torture: A Physician’s Guide to Political Asylum Cases 894 2. The Non-corroboration Rule and Recent Trends 895 Olufemi Yussef Abdulai v. Ashcroft 896 D. Credibility Determinations from the Perspective of the Examiner 906 Audrey Macklin, Truth or Consequences: Credibility Determinations in the Refugee Context 906 Appendix A 914 American Psychiatric Association, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 914 Chapter 14. Current and Future Challenges in Refugee Protection 919 A. Introduction 919 B. UNHCR: The United Nations Refugee Agency Renews its Commitment to Refugee Protection in the Twenty-first Century 921 Erika Feller, Statement by the Director, UNHCR Department of International Protection, to the 18th Meeting of the UNHCR Standing Committee (Jul. 5, 2000) 922 C. Temporary Protection and Complementary Protection: a Retreat from Asylum or an Overture to Protection? 925 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees 1993: The Challenge of Protection 926 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees 1995: The Search for Solutions 927 UNHCR, Complementary Forms of Protection: Their Nature and Relationship to the International Refugee Protection Regime 931 D. Non-Refoulement to Human Rights Emergencies: Harbinger of a Customary Norm? 937 Jennifer Moore, Simple Justice: Humanitarian Law As a Defense Against Deportation 938 E. Responding to the Internally Displaced: The Problem of Failed States and the Concept of Effective Protection 942 Luke T. Lee, The London Declaration of International Law Principles On Internally Displaced Persons 942 F. Resolving the Problem of Exile: the Seamless Web of Prevention, Protection and Solutions 948 1. Voluntary Repatriation: Return in Safety and Dignity, or Return to Exile? 948 United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, The State of the World’s Refugees 1993: The Challenge of Protection 948 2. Nation-building: Principled Pragmatism as a Response to Global Interdependence 953 Jonathan Moore, The U.N.’s New Mission: Nation-Building 953 G. Refugees as Survivors of Conflicts and Healers of Communities 956 Steve Coll, The Other War 956 Judith Mayotte, Beyond the Balkans, The Suitcase: Refugee Voices from Bosnia and Croatia 972 H. Conclusion 977

INDEX WORDS:
* abort = abortion = abortti
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* delade bördor = burden-sharing = taakan jakaminen
* invandring = immigration = maahanmuutto
* barn = children = lapset
* inbördeskrig = civil war = sisällissota
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* EU = EU = EU
* val = elections = vaalit
* fact-finding missions = fact-finding missions = fact-finding missions
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* kvinnlig könsstympning = female genital mutilation (FGM) = naisten sukupuolielinten silpominen
* utrikespolitik = foreign policy = ulkopolitiikka
* religionsfrihet = freedom of religion = uskonnonvapaus
* grundläggande rättigheter = fundamental rights = perusoikeudet
* homosexuella = homosexuals = homoseksuaalit
* folkmord = genocide = kansanmurha
* gerilla = guerrilla = sissiliike
* judeförintelsen = holocaust = juutalaisvaino
* urfolk = indigenous peoples = alkuperäiskansat
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* jus cogens = peremptory norms = peremptory norms
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* nationalism = nationalism = nationalismi
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* PLO = PLO = PLO
* förföljelse = persecution = vaino
* rasism = racism = rasismi
* våldtäkt = rape = raiskaus
* rätt till arbete = right to work = oikeus työhön
* statslösa personer = stateless persons = valtiottomat henkilöt
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Albania / Australia / Austria / Belgium / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Canada / Chile / China / Denmark / Egypt / El salvador / Eritrea / Finland / France / Germany

NOTE (GENERAL): Cartagena declaration; ICCPR; CAT; OAU refugee convention; Refugee convention; CEDAW; CAT; Declaration on the elimination of all forms of religious intolerance; Dublin convention; Geneva conventions; Additional protocols to the Geneva conventions; Schengen convention; ToA;

 
26. Feller, Erika (ed.) : Refugee protection in international law, 2003
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Refugee protection in international law : UNHCR's global consultations on international protection / Feller, Erika (ed.) ; Türk, Volker ; Nicholson, Frances, lix, 717 p.. - Cambridge : Cambridge U.P., 2003.

ISBN 0-521-53281-7

LANGUAGE: ENG

ABSTRACT: CONTENTS:. PART I : I. Introduction: 1. International refugee protection today, by Volker Türk and Frances Nicholson. 2. Age and gender dimensions in international refugee law, by Alice Edwards. 3. Declaration of the Ministerial Meeting of States Parties to the 1951 Convention and/or 1967 Protocol, Geneva, December 2001. PART II. Non-Refoulement (article 33 of the 1951 Convention): 4. The scope and content of the Principle of Non-Refoulement, Opinion, by Eli Lauterpacht and Daniel Bethlehem. 5. Summary conclusions - The Principle of Non-Refoulement. PART III. Illegal Entry (Article 31): 6. Article 31 of the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees: Non-penalization, detention and protection, by Guy S. Goodwin-Gill. 7. Summary conclusions - Article 31 of the 1951 Convention. PART IV: Membership of a Particular Social Group (article 1A(2)): 8. Protected characteristics and social perceptions: an analysis of the meaning of ‘membership of a particular social group’, by Alex Aleinikoff. 9. Summary conclusions - membership of a particular social group. PART V: Gender-Related Persecution (article 1A(2)): 10. Gender-Related Persecution, by Rodger Haines QC; 11. Summary conclusions - gender-related persecution. PART VI. Internal Protection/Relocation/Flight Alternative: 12. Internal protection/relocation/flight alternative as an aspect of refugee status determination, by James Hathaway. 13. Summary conclusions - internal protection/relocation/flight alternative; PART VII. Exclusion (article 1F): 14. Current issues in the application of the exclusion clauses, by Geoff Gilbert. 15. Summary conclusions - exclusion from refugee status. PART VIII. Cessation (article 1C); 16. Cessation of refugee protection, by Joan Fitzpatrick and Rafael Bonoan. 17. Summary conclusions - cessation of Refugee Status. PART IX. Family Unity (Final Act, 1951 UN Conference). 18. Family unity and refuge protection, by Kathleen Newland and Kate Jastram. 19. Summary conclusions - family unity; Part X. Supervisory Responsibility (article 35): 20. Supervising the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees: 21. Article 35 and beyond, by Walter Kälin. 22. Summary conclusions - supervisory responsibility; Index.

INDEX WORDS:
* rådgivande yttrande = advisory opinion = neuvoa-antava mielipide
* affirmative action = affirmative action = affirmative action
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* väpnad konflikt = armed conflict = aseellinen selkkaus
* utsatta grupper = vulnerable groups = riskialttiit ryhmät
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* barn = children = lapset
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* deporterade personer = deported persons = karkotetut henkilöt
* klagomål/besvär = complaints = valitus
* Europarådet = Council of Europe = Euroopan Neuvosto
* internationell sedvanerätt = customary international law = kansainvälinen tapaoikeus
* dödsstraff = death penalty = kuolemanrangaistus
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* handikappade = disabled persons = vammaiset
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* mänskliga rättigheter = human rights = ihmisoikeudet
* diplomatiskt skydd = diplomatic protection = diplomaattinen suoja
* familjevåld = domestic violence = perheväkivalta
* kvinnohandel = trafficking in women = naiskauppa
* rätt till undervisning = right to education = oikeus opetukseen
* familjeplanering = family planning = perhesuunnittelu
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* familjeåterförening = family reunification = perheen yhdistäminen
* sexuell orientering = sexual orientation = seksuaalinen suuntautuminen
* sexuellt utnyttjande = sexual abuse = seksuaalinen hyväksikäyttö
* statslösa personer = stateless persons = valtiottomat henkilöt
* rapporter = reports = raportit
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* terrorism = terrorism = terrorismi
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* prostitution = prostitution = prostituutio
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* ensamkommande barn = unaccompanied children = ilman saattajia tulevat lapset
* förföljelse = persecution = vaino
* ovillkorliga rättigheter = non-derogable rights = ehdottomat oikeudet
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* internationella tribunalen för krigsförbrytelser = international tribunal on war crimes (ICTY and ICTR) = kansainvälinen sotarikostuomioistuin
* straffrihet = impunity = rankaisemattomuus
* offer = victims = uhrit
* ECJ = ECJ = ECJ
* EU = EU = EU
* CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee = CESCR Committee
* CRC Committee = CRC Committee = CRC Committee
* CERD Committee = CERD Committee = CERD Committee
* kvinnlig könsstympning = female genital mutilation (FGM) = naisten sukupuolielinten silpominen
* civila aktörer = non-state actors = non-state actors
* rörelsefrihet = freedom of movement = liikkumisvapaus
* internationell humanitär rätt = international humanitarian law = kansainvälinen humanitaarinen oikeus
* kommittén för de mänskliga rättigheterna = Human Rights Committee (UN) = ihmisoikeuskomitea

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Afghanistan / Africa / Albania / ALgeria / Angola / Australia / Austria / Belgium / Belarus / Bolivia / Bosnia-Herzegovina / Cambodia / Canada / Caucasus / Chile / China / Denmark / Luxembourg / Italy / France / Greece / Germany / Finland / Netherlands / New Zealand / Eritrea / Ethiopia / Ghana / Haiti / Guatemala / India / Islam / Italy / Lesotho / Liberia / mali / Malawi / Mexico / Mozambique / New Zealand / Nigeria / Nicaragua / Norway / Pakistan / Peru / Poland / Romania / Slovakia / Sudan / United Kingdom / USA / Former Yugoslavia / Zimbabwe

NOTE (GENERAL): Vienna convention on the law of treaties; DEDAW; CEDAW; CDE; ECHR; ICCPR; Refugee convention; CAT;

URL http://titles.cambridge.org/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521825741

 
27. Einarsen, Terje : Retten til vern som flykting, 2000
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: monograph

Retten til vern som flykting : med hovedvekt på FNs flyktingbegrep / Einarsen, Terje, 727 p.. - Bergen : Cicero publ., 2000.

ISBN 82-995566-0-0

LANGUAGE: NOR

ABSTRACT: Boken omhandler: - definisjonen av flyktning etter folkeretten - retten til asyl ifrlge menneskerettighetene - bakgrunnen for flyktningekonvensjonen av 1951 - status for flyktninger fra krig og krigsliknende situasioner bevisvurderingen i asylsaker - flyktningers rettigheter og plikter - opphrr av flyktningestatus - behovet for en internasjonal asyldomstol. Retten til vern som flyktning hemvender seg til et norsk og nordisk publikum; forvaltningsorganer i stat og kommune, advokater, nemnder og domstoler, frivillige organisjoner, studenter og andre forskere, men også til politikere, journalister og andre samfunnsengasjerte mennesker med interesse for emnet.

INDEX WORDS:
* absoluta rättigheter och friheter = absolute rights and freedoms = ehdottomat oikeudet ja vapaudet
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* apartheid = apartheid = rotusorto
* "asyldomstol" = "court of asylum" = "turvapaikkatuomioistuin"
* barn = children = lapset
* barnsoldater = child soldiers = lapsisotilaat
* de facto-flyktingar = de facto refugees = de facto pakolaiset
* tvångsförflyttade personer = displaced persons = hätäsiirtolaiset
* europeiska domstolen för de mänskliga rättigheterna = European Court of Human Rights = Euroopan ihmisoikeustuomioistuin
* dubbelt medborgarskap = dual citizenship = kaksoiskansalaisuus
* etnisk rensning = ethnic cleansing = etninen puhdistus
* utlämning = extradition = luovuttaminen
* avvisning = non-refoulement principle = palautuskielto
* utvisning = expulsion = maastakarkotus
* UNHCR = UNHCR = UNHCR
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin
* icke-diskriminering = non-discrimination = syrjintäkielto
* FN:s folkrättskommission = International Law Commission (ILC) = kansainvälisen oikeuden toimikunta
* NATO = NATO = NATO
* krigsförbrytelser = war crimes = sotarikokset
* kvinnor = women = naiset
* prövningsmarginal = margin of appreciation = harkintamarginaali
* nationalitet = nationality = kansallisuus
* OAU = OAU = OAU
* statslösa personer = stateless persons = valtiottomat henkilöt
* diskriminering = discrimination = syrjintä
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* tortyr = torture = kidutus
* tolkning = interpretation = tulkinta
* offer = victims = uhrit
* främlingshat = xenophobia = muukalaisviha
* ekonomiska, sociala och kulturella rättigheter = economic, social and cultural rights = TSS-oikeudet
* internationella brottmålsdomstolen = international criminal court (ICC) = kansainvälinen rikostuomioistuin

NOTE (THESIS): Dr.iur., University of Bergen, [19991112], [T]

NOTE (GENERAL): Vienna convention on the law of treaties; Refugee convention; UDHR; CAT; CRC; CEDAW; ECHR; Dublin convention; Protocol relating to the definition of refugees; Genocide convention; Geneva conventions; The Statute of the ICJ; The statute of the ICC;

URL http://www.immi.se/kultur/einarsen.htm

 
28. Lambert, Helene : Building a European asylum policy under the 'first pillar' of the consoloidated treaty establishing the European Community, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Building a European asylum policy under the 'first pillar' of the consoloidated treaty establishing the European Community / Lambert, Helene

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International journal of refugee law : vol. 11; no. 2., p. 329-337. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1999. - ISSN 1464-3715

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Europe

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; EC treaty; ECHR;

URL http://www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/hdb/Volume_11/Issue_02/
URL (in full text)

 
29. Skordas, Achilles : The new refugee legislation in Greece, 1999
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

The new refugee legislation in Greece / Skordas, Achilles

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International journal of refugee law : vol. 11; no. 4., p. 646-677. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1999. - ISSN 1464-3715

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* lagstiftning = legislation = lainsäädäntö
* flyktingar = refugees = pakolaiset
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* asyl = asylum = turvapaikka

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention; Protocol relating to the status of refugees; ECHR-3;

URL http://www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/hdb/Volume_11/Issue_04/
URL (in full text)

 
30. Koser, Khalid : Temporary protection and the assisted return of refugees from the European Union, 1998
 

BIBLIOGRAPHIC LEVEL: part of a serial

Temporary protection and the assisted return of refugees from the European Union / Koser, Khalid ; Walsh, Martha ; Black, Richard

REFERENCE TO GENERIC UNIT (Periodica): International journal of refugee law : IN MEMORIAM _ Pierre Gerety, 7 September 1941 - 2 September 1998 : vol. 10; no. 3., p. 462-498. - Oxford : Oxford U. P., 1998. - ISSN 1464-3715

LANGUAGE: ENG

INDEX WORDS:
* tillfälligt skydd = temporary protection = tilapäinen suojelu
* EU = EU = EU
* bosnier = Bosnians = bosnialaiset
* albaner = Albanians = albaanit

GEOGRAPHICAL TERMS: Germany / Italy

NOTE (GENERAL): Refugee convention;

URL http://www3.oup.co.uk/reflaw/hdb/Volume_10/Issue_03/

[Följande]


24.11.1999